Gender-based hate crime

Gender-based hate crimes are criminal offences motivated by bias against a person's gender, which means that the offender selected her or his target based on the victim's gender, or demonstrated hostility towards it throughout the attack.
Hate crimes and incidents reported to ODIHR can be motivated by a single bias, in which the target was selected solely due to her or his sex or gender, or by multiple biases, in which bias based on sex intersects with another protected characteristic, such as disability, ethnic origin, race or religion. A number of the incidents reported to ODIHR also include those committed with bias by association against women's organizations, events and individuals.

The OSCE participating States have recognized the importance of addressing equality between men and women and committed themselves to endorse the OSCE Action Plan for the Promotion of Gender Equality of 2004. The same year, hate crimes motivated by sex have been mentioned for the first time in the OSCE ministerial council decision.
ODIHR has reported on "sex-based hate crimes" since 2013, changing the name of the category to "gender-based hate crimes" in 2021. The reporting is based on official statistics on sex and gender-based hate crimes submitted by some OSCE participating States. Efforts to form targeted policies to address gender-based hate crimes are hampered by under-reporting. For example, only nine states reported on gender-based hate crimes in 2019. Furthermore, the majority of gender-based hate crime victims do not report their experiences, highlighting the challenge posed by under-recording.

TANDIS

Overview of incidents reported by other sources

Violent attacks against people Threats/Harassment Attacks against property Total
39 15 4 58

Date Country Type of incident Source Description
2018 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people "Coming Out" LGBT Group, Civic Assistance Committee, Russian LGBT Network Show info
2018 Czech Republic Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2018-01 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Kyrgyzstan Threats/Harassment Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Kyrgyzstan Threats/Harassment Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Tajikistan Threats/Harassment Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-01 Austria Threats/Harassment ZARA Show info
2018-02 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-02 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-02 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-03 Russian Federation Threats/Harassment National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-03 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-03 Russian Federation Threats/Harassment Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-03 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-03 Ukraine Violent attacks against people Congress of National Communities of Ukraine - CNCU, LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2018-03 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-03 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-03 Kazakhstan Violent attacks against people Kazakhstan Feminist Initiative "Feminita" Show info
2018-03 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-04 Russian Federation Threats/Harassment National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-04 Poland Violent attacks against people "Never Again" Association, SETA Show info
2018-04 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-04 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-04 Spain Attacks against property Spanish Observatory against LGBTphobia Show info
2018-04 Italy Attacks against property UNHCR Show info
2018-05 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2018-05 Austria Threats/Harassment ZARA Show info
2018-05 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-06 Russian Federation Threats/Harassment National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-06 Spain Violent attacks against people Muslim Human Rights Association Show info
2018-06 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-06 Ukraine Violent attacks against people LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2018-07 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-07 Ukraine Violent attacks against people LGBT Human Rights NASH SVIT Center Show info
2018-07 Belgium Violent attacks against people CCIB, SETA Show info
2018-07 Tajikistan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-08 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-08 Canada Attacks against property B'nai Brith Canada Show info
2018-08 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Office for Democratic Institution and Human Rights Show info
2018-09 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-09 Serbia Violent attacks against people OSCE Mission to Serbia Show info
2018-09 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-09 Italy Threats/Harassment Lunaria Show info
2018-09 Italy Violent attacks against people Lunaria Show info
2018-09 Kyrgyzstan Threats/Harassment Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-10 Czech Republic Threats/Harassment In IUSTITIA Show info
2018-10 Denmark Violent attacks against people SETA Show info
2018-10 Germany Threats/Harassment MANEO Show info
2018-10 Switzerland Attacks against property OIDAC Show info
2018-11 Russian Federation Violent attacks against people National Forum of Sex Workers in Russia Show info
2018-11 Kyrgyzstan Threats/Harassment Shah Ayim Network Show info
2018-12 Kyrgyzstan Violent attacks against people Shah Ayim Network Show info

International Reports

Albania

The United Nations Human Rights Council Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) published relevant recommendations in its "Report from the Thirty-third session: Compilation on Albania."

Austria

The United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the ninth periodic report of Austria."

Estonia

The United Nations Human Rights Committee published relevant recommendations in its "Concluding observations on the fourth periodic report of Estonia."

Ireland

The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) published relevant recommendations in its "Fifth Report on Ireland."

Romania

The European Commission against Racism and Intolerance (ECRI) published relevant recommendations in its "Fifth Report on Romania."